Agent Flight Recorder: Tamper-Evident Audit Trails with On-Chain Anchoring for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents

Abstract

Long-horizon agents execute thousands of actions, resulting in sequential failures rather than isolated errors. When a coding agent deletes a production database or a prompt injection spreads across agents, the incident raises questions of causality, authority, and non-repudiable third-party verification. The Agent Flight Recorder captures each agent action as a structured, canonically serialized event binding eight semantic fields from intent through execution to provenance. Hash chaining and M

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@misc{bindschaedler2026agent,
  title = {{Agent Flight Recorder: Tamper-Evident Audit Trails with On-Chain Anchoring for Long-Horizon Tool-Using Agents}},
  author = {Laurent Bindschaedler and Quentin Botha and Christoph Siebenbrunner},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  eprint = {2609.01931},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.01931}
}