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paperSeptember 2026Unreviewed

When Does Defendant Statement Matter? A Study of Bias and Persuasion in LLM-Simulated Jurors

Cho-Ying Wu

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Abstract

LLMs have been used to simulate human decision-making in professional settings, yet their behaviors in common-law jury trials remain unexplored. We study when and how a defendant's courtroom statement affects LLM-simulated jurors, focusing on persuasion, ideological bias, and background-based affinity. To support the analysis, we introduce JuryBench, a benchmark containing controversial criminal cases in U.S. criminal law. In each case, a defendant can claim various plausible justifications to s

Categories

Benchmarks & Evaluation

Cite

@misc{wu2026when,
  title = {{When Does Defendant Statement Matter? A Study of Bias and Persuasion in LLM-Simulated Jurors}},
  author = {Cho-Ying Wu},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  eprint = {2609.09887},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.09887}
}